How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, however it can affect adults as well. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD, a person can lead a happier life.
An assessment for ADHD may involve interviewing the person and family members. The specialist may look over the school records from the past to determine if symptoms started in childhood.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organized from time to time however, for those who suffers from ADHD, these problems interfere with school, work and home life. The person must display significant symptoms in two of these areas and that they significantly affect the way they function in their daily lives to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must have been present for a minimum of six months.
To establish a diagnosis a doctor will interview the patient about their symptoms and inquire about their family history and medical problems. They can also use rating systems to assess symptoms in adults and children. These types of questionnaires are typically constructed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They cover symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive.
Adults may be asked to speak with their significant other or someone who knows them well. This isn't to question the honesty of the patient, but to gain a better understanding of the behavior of a person that cannot be obtained from the answers to a questionnaire. It is also possible to inquire about childhood behavior and use old school records to determine whether the symptoms began before age 12.
Before determining the cause, the doctor will conduct an extensive physical exam and run tests in order to rule other conditions, such as thyroid problems or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The provider will also review the patient's medications. Certain medications for depression, high blood pressure and other ailments can be a trigger for stimulants, so the doctor will take these into account when suggesting treatment options. This is the reason it's crucial for adults to talk to their primary care physicians when they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, the symptoms must be evident in at least two settings (such as home, school, and work) and interfere with functioning. They also must have begun at the age of 12 and the impairment must not be due to another disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional will employ various tools to assess the patient, such as ADHD symptom lists, standardized behaviour rating scales and a thorough medical history. They may also interview family members or friends to determine how the symptoms have affected them. They'll ask whether the symptoms are similar to other psychiatric disorders or physical ailments.
Evaluations will consider whether the symptoms are mild moderate, severe or even mild. They will also review the person's medical history and family history to make sure there is no underlying cause of their problems like thyroid disorders, head injuries or medication.
In some instances an examiner may decide to conduct a cognitive test or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out any other possible causes for their symptoms, including learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders or addiction to drugs. People with these problems tend to show different symptoms than those who don't have them. Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive symptoms, while girls show inattentive ones.
Some people with ADHD are interested in participating in an experiment in order to test new treatments. This is a fantastic opportunity to continue research. However, participants should be aware that the primary purpose of these studies is scientific knowledge and is not an assurance of treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more information on clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect they have ADHD, it's important to find an expert trained in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider to find out whether ADHD specialists are covered, and seek out referrals from family doctors or other health care professionals. Word-of-mouth recommendations are an alternative.
A doctor will ask the patient - or parents in the case of children - about their symptoms. They may use checklists that are standard or ADHD symptoms, and may also ask other people in a person's life for information, such as their spouses and their families. Personal experience often reveals more than can be gleaned from questionnaires.
Experts will also review any documents from the past and reports, particularly those from the past. The diagnosis of ADHD is determined by the history of a person and, in order in order to be diagnosed with the condition, symptoms must be present from the age of a child (technically before age 12).
Physical examinations are also performed. It is a way to identify any other medical conditions that may be causing the symptoms, for example, seizure disorders or thyroid problems. The doctor will usually conduct a neurological exam, which tests for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests that test the ability to think and be smart could be used. diagnosis of adhd could be required to complete simple computer tasks designed to test memory and attention. This can help an expert determine whether someone is hyperactive or inattentional. The expert will decide on the best treatment plan and then make an assessment. The treatment typically includes therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping skills and alter unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is offered by a primary doctor or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD are helped by medications, however it's not the only option to treat the condition. Children, teenagers and adults can also benefit from a psychotherapy session, behavioral therapy or the combination of both. These therapies help them cope with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to manage the symptoms. They may also include psychoeducation, which is education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can include family members, teachers and professionals.
It's important to find a health care provider or mental health professional with expertise in treating ADHD. You can ask for recommendations from people who have ADHD or from a mental health professional you already know, or perform an online search. It is important to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance.
The doctor will ask you or your child about the symptoms and problems caused by ADHD. They will conduct an examination of the body and look for any other health issues that may trigger similar symptoms. They will look over your your child's medical history and family history, school records, and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is primarily designed to diagnose children is more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your health care provider will talk to you or your child regarding their symptoms and may also request others who spend many hours with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants like the methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine and atomoxe as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by boosting levels of brain chemicals referred to as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders such as anxiety or depression. Because of this, treatment should include therapy that addresses these issues. Certain patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy that teaches skills such as time and task management as well as emotional self-regulation.
diagnose adhd can help patients manage their symptoms by changing their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthy diet is essential for those with ADHD tend to consume higher levels of sugar and fat, and eat fewer fruits and vegetables than others. Lastly making relationships with family and friends an important factor can reduce stress levels and make people feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid children and adults to comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child suffering from ADHD may have trouble communicating his or her needs to peers and teachers However, once a teacher understands that it's not due to laziness accommodations can be provided.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions geared to the individual's age, interview family and teachers, read medical records, and look for any comorbidities. For adults, school records might be useful in determining whether the ADHD symptoms started before the age of adulthood.
A physical exam is typically included, and the specialist will likely test for hearing and vision issues. The doctor could also conduct tests on blood to determine the presence of certain hormones, as well as other health conditions that can cause symptoms and signs of ADHD.